Weather guides

How to Read a Weather Radar

Learn what radar colors mean, how radar differs from satellite, what it cannot show, and how to combine radar with the forecast to plan the next few hours.

The gota fría and DANA in Spain: why they cause floods

What a DANA or gota fría is, why it dumps torrential rain and flooding on the Mediterranean in autumn, and how to protect yourself.

Heat waves in Spain: symptoms, prevention and warnings

What a heat wave in Spain is, why they are becoming more frequent, how to recognise heatstroke and how to protect yourself in summer.

Storms (borrascas) and temporales in Spain: wind, rain and snow

What named storms (borrascas) are, why they bring spells of wind, rain and snow to Spain in winter, and how to prepare.

The calima in Spain: Saharan dust and air quality

What the calima is, why Saharan dust reaches the Canaries and mainland Spain, how it affects air quality, and how to protect yourself.

AEMET weather warnings: what the colours mean

What the yellow, orange and red AEMET warnings mean, how they are issued, and what to do for each level of weather warning in Spain.

How a Weather Forecast Is Made

Find out how a weather forecast is built: the observations, numerical models such as ECMWF, GFS and ICON, why forecasts carry uncertainty, and how often the data is updated.

Feels-like temperature: why it differs from the thermometer

What feels-like temperature is, how it differs from air temperature, how wind and humidity change what you sense, and why it matters for your health and clothing.

Humidity and Comfort: How It Affects Your Body

The difference between relative and absolute humidity, what dew point is, why high humidity feels hotter and low humidity dries you out, and the comfortable ranges.

What is the UV Index and how to protect yourself

Learn what the UV index is, how the 1 to 11+ scale works, what risk each level means and how to protect your skin and eyes from the sun.

Air Quality and the AQI Index

What the air quality index (AQI) means, the main pollutants such as PM2.5, PM10, O₃ and NO₂, the health categories, and how to reduce your exposure.